Abstract
This paper examines the portrayal of female characters in Eugene O’Neill’s Desire Under the Elms (1924) through feminist literary criticism, addressing an underexplored dimension of the play. Despite the prominence of feminist critique in literary studies, O’Neill’s female characters have not been closely analyzed. This study conducts a detailed textual analysis of their roles, language, and resistance to patriarchal dominance. The findings reveal that female characters are portrayed solely in a negative light — depicted as manipulative, morally corrupt, murderous, and exploiters of their own sexuality. They are denied major roles, their virtues are overlooked, and they are subjected to demeaning language that is often exaggerated beyond proportion. However, the study also explores moments of female resistance, particularly through Maw’s haunting presence and Abbie’s defiance, which challenge patriarchal authority in significant ways. Despite these acts of rebellion, the women ultimately remain confined within oppressive structures that govern their lives and choices. Ultimately, the study highlights O’Neill’s biased and unsympathetic depiction of women, reinforcing gender stereotypes rather than challenging them, while also revealing the limitations of female agency in a male-dominated society.